Everything about Cross-cultural Studies totally explained
Cross-cultural comparisons take several forms. One is comparison of case studies, another is controlled comparison among variants of a common derivation, and a third is comparison within a sample of cases.
Cross-cultural studies, the third of these forms, is a specialization in
anthropology and sister sciences (
sociology,
psychology,
economics,
political science) that uses field data from many
societies to examine the scope of
human behavior and test hypotheses about human behavior and culture. Unlike
comparative studies, which examines similar characteristics of a few societies, cross-cultural studies uses a sufficiently large sample that statistical analysis can be made to show relationships or lack or relationships between the traits in question. These studies are surveys of
ethnographic data.Cross-cultural studies, sometimes called
Holocultural Studies, has been used by
social scientists of many disciplines, particularly
cultural anthropology and
psychology.
History of cross-cultural studies
The first cross-cultural studies were done by
19th century anthroplogists such as
Tylor and
Morgan. One of Tylor's first studies gave rise to the central statistical issue of cross-cultural studies:
Galton's problem.
Modern era of cross-cultural studies
The modern era of cross-cultural studies began with
George Murdock (1949). Murdock set up a number of foundational data sets, including the
Human Relations Area Files, and the
Ethnographic Atlas. Together with
Douglas R. White, he developed the widely used
Standard Cross-Cultural Sample, currently maintained by the
open access electronic journal
World Cultures.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Cross-cultural Studies'.
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